PORT CALCULATOR
Four Factors
A precise tool.
What is the Four Factors & How does it work?
The Four Factors, introduced by Dean Oliver, break down a team’s performance into four core components: effective field goal percentage (eFG%), turnover rate (TOV%), offensive rebound percentage (ORB%), and free‑throw rate (FT%). Each factor isolates a distinct aspect of offensive efficiency, allowing analysts to pinpoint strengths and weaknesses beyond traditional box‑score totals.
eFG% adjusts raw shooting percentage for the added value of three‑point shots, while TOV% measures how often a team loses possession. ORB% captures the ability to extend possessions after a missed shot, and FT% reflects how well a team capitalizes on free‑throw opportunities. By weighting these elements, the Four Factors provide a single, comparable metric for any team.
The composite score is calculated with a weighted sum: Higher values indicate a more efficient offense.
text{Four Factors} = 0.4times eFG% + 0.25times (100 – TOV%) + 0.2times ORB% + 0.15times FT%
eFG% = effective field goal percentage, TOV% = turnover percentage, ORB% = offensive rebound percentage, FT% = free‑throw rate
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is effective field goal percentage (eFG%)?
eFG% adjusts shooting percentage by giving extra value to three-point shots, reflecting a team’s overall scoring efficiency.
How do I calculate turnover rate (TOV%)?
TOV% is calculated by dividing the number of turnovers by the sum of field goals made and attempted plus free throws attempted.
What does offensive rebound percentage (ORB%) measure?
ORB% measures how often a team secures rebounds off their own missed shots, impacting second-chance scoring opportunities.
How is free-throw rate (FT%) determined?
FT% is calculated by dividing the number of free throws made by the sum of field goals attempted and plus one-half of three-point attempts.
Why are Four Factors important in basketball analysis?
Four Factors help analysts evaluate team performance beyond traditional stats, focusing on shooting efficiency, ball security, rebounding, and free-throw opportunities.
Can I use this calculator for college basketball teams?
Yes, the Four Factors are applicable to all levels of basketball, including college teams.
How often should I update my team’s Four Factors?
It’s best to calculate Four Factors regularly, such as after each game or at the end of a series of games, to track performance trends.
Results are for informational purposes only and do not constitute professional advice.