Base64 Encoder / Decoder

Base64 encoding is a binary-to-text encoding scheme that represents binary data in an ASCII string format by translating it into a radix-64 representation. This method is commonly used to encode data that needs to be stored and transferred over media that are designed to deal with textual data.

The Base64 encoding process involves converting each group of three bytes (24 bits) into four encoded characters, which represent binary data in a text format. This is particularly useful for encoding binary files such as images or other non-textual data to ensure they can be safely transmitted over protocols that are designed for textual data.