GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY

GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY CALCULATOR Measurementssolar Declination A precise tool. 📖 What is the Measurementssolar Declination & How does it work? The solar declination (δ) is the angle between the rays…

GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY CALCULATOR Estimationalbedo Surface A precise tool. 📖 What is the Estimationalbedo Surface & How does it work? Surface albedo, denoted by α, quantifies the fraction of incoming…

GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY CALCULATOR Conversionurban Heat Island A precise tool. 📖 What is the Conversionurban Heat Island & How does it work? Urban heat islands (UHIs) occur when built‑up areas…

METEOROLOGY - PRECIPITATION CALCULATOR Snow Water Equivalent A precise tool. 📖 What is the Snow Water Equivalent & How does it work? The Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) is a measure…

GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY CALCULATOR Monitoringpalmer Drought Index A precise tool. 📖 What is the Monitoringpalmer Drought Index & How does it work? The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) is a…

GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY CALCULATOR Perioddrought Spi A precise tool. 📖 What is the Perioddrought Spi & How does it work? The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) quantifies precipitation deficits over a…

GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY CALCULATOR Requirementsprecipitation Intensity A precise tool. 📖 What is the Requirementsprecipitation Intensity & How does it work? Rainfall intensity is a fundamental parameter in hydrology, representing the…

GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY CALCULATOR Thresholdchilling Hours A precise tool. 📖 What is the Thresholdchilling Hours & How does it work? Chilling hours are a measure of the exposure of dormant…

GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY CALCULATOR Calculationfrost Days A precise tool. 📖 What is the Calculationfrost Days & How does it work? Frost days are defined as days on which the minimum…

GEOGRAPHY & CARTOGRAPHY CALCULATOR Calculationcooling Degree Days A precise tool. 📖 What is the Calculationcooling Degree Days & How does it work? Cooling Degree Days (CDD) are a metric used…