Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid‑state joining process where a rotating tool with a profiled pin is plunged into the workpiece and traversed along the joint line. Because the material is not melted, the resulting weld exhibits fine‑grained microstructures and excellent mechanical properties.
The rotational speed of the tool (N, in rpm) directly controls the heat generated through friction and plastic deformation. Higher speeds increase the angular velocity ((omega)) and thus raise the temperature in the stir zone, improving material flow but also risking excessive softening.
The traverse rate (v, in mm/min) determines how quickly the tool moves along the joint. A slower traverse allows more heat to be input per unit length, while a faster traverse reduces heat input, affecting weld penetration and defect formation.
What is friction stir welding?
How does rotational speed affect friction stir welding?
What are the benefits of using friction stir welding over other methods?
Can you explain the role of the tool’s profiled pin in FSW?
What factors determine the optimal rotational speed for FSW?
Results are for informational purposes only and do not constitute professional advice.